MDU Resources Group, Inc. operates in the regulated energy delivery business following the completion of the separations of both its construction materials and contracting, as well as construction services businesses.
Through a strategy focusing on the company’s ‘CORE,’ the company strives to deliver superior value and achieve performance as a pure-play regulated energy delivery company, while pursuing organic growth opportunities. The company's ‘CORE’ strategy prioritizes customers and communi...
MDU Resources Group, Inc. operates in the regulated energy delivery business following the completion of the separations of both its construction materials and contracting, as well as construction services businesses.
Through a strategy focusing on the company’s ‘CORE,’ the company strives to deliver superior value and achieve performance as a pure-play regulated energy delivery company, while pursuing organic growth opportunities. The company's ‘CORE’ strategy prioritizes customers and communities, operational excellence, returns-focused initiatives, and an employee-driven culture. The company generates, transmits, and distributes electricity and provides natural gas distribution, transportation, and storage services. These businesses are regulated by state public service commissions and/or the FERC.
Segments
As of December 31, 2024, the company was organized into three reportable business segments. These business segments include electric, natural gas distribution, and pipeline.
The company, through its wholly-owned subsidiary, MDU Energy Capital, owns Montana-Dakota, Cascade, and Intermountain. The electric segment comprises Montana-Dakota, while the natural gas distribution segment comprises Montana-Dakota, Cascade, and Intermountain.
The company, through its wholly-owned subsidiary, Centennial, owns WBI Energy and Centennial Capital. WBI Energy is the pipeline segment, and Centennial Capital is reflected in the Other category.
Electric
The company's electric segment is operated through its wholly-owned subsidiary, Montana-Dakota. Montana-Dakota provides electric service at retail, serving residential, commercial, industrial, and municipal customers in 185 communities and adjacent rural areas.
The material properties owned by Montana-Dakota for use in its electric operations include interests in 14 electric generating units at 11 facilities and two small portable diesel generators approximately 3,400 and 4,800 miles of transmission and distribution lines, respectively, and 87 transmission and 295 distribution substations. Montana-Dakota has obtained and holds, or is in the process of renewing, valid and existing franchises authorizing it to conduct its electric operations in all of the municipalities it serves where such franchises are required. Montana-Dakota intends to protect its service area and seek renewal of all expiring franchises.
Retail electric rates, service, accounting, and certain securities issuances are subject to regulation by the MTPSC, NDPSC, SDPUC, and WYPSC. The interstate transmission and wholesale electric power operations of Montana-Dakota are also subject to regulation by the FERC under provisions of the Federal Power Act, as are interconnections with other utilities and power generators, the issuance of certain securities, accounting, cybersecurity, and other matters.
Through MISO, Montana-Dakota has access to wholesale energy, ancillary services, and capacity markets for its interconnected system. MISO is a regional transmission organization responsible for operational control of the transmission systems of its members. MISO provides security center operations, tariff administration, and operates day-ahead and real-time energy markets, ancillary services, and capacity markets. As a member of MISO, Montana-Dakota's generation is sold into the MISO energy market, and its energy needs are purchased from that market.
System Supply and System Demand
Through an interconnected electric system, Montana-Dakota serves markets in portions of North Dakota, Montana, and South Dakota. These markets are seasonal, and sales volumes depend on the weather. As of December 31, 2024, the interconnected system consisted of 13 electric generating units at 10 facilities and two small portable diesel generators.
For 2024, Montana-Dakota's total ZRCs, including its firm purchase power contracts, were 536.8. Montana-Dakota's planning reserve margin requirement within MISO was 528.6 ZRCs for 2024. The maximum electric peak demand experienced to date attributable to Montana-Dakota's sales to retail customers on the interconnected system was 764,823 kW in January 2024. Montana-Dakota's latest forecast for its interconnected system indicates that its annual peak will continue to occur during the summer. Additional energy is purchased as needed, or in lieu of generation if more economical, from the MISO market. In 2024, Montana-Dakota purchased approximately 61 percent of its net kWh needs for its interconnected system through the MISO market.
Through the Sheridan System, Montana-Dakota serves Sheridan, Wyoming, and neighboring communities. The maximum peak demand experienced to date attributable to Montana-Dakota sales to retail customers on that system was approximately 69,991 kW in July 2024. Montana-Dakota has a power supply contract with Black Hills Power, Inc. to purchase up to 49,000 kW of capacity annually through December 31, 2028. Wygen III also serves a portion of the needs of Montana-Dakota's Sheridan-area customers.
Approximately 38 percent of the electricity delivered to customers from Montana-Dakota's owned generation in 2024 was from renewable resources. Although Montana-Dakota's generation resource capacity has increased to serve the needs of its customers, the carbon dioxide emission intensity of its electric generation resource fleet has been reduced by approximately 38 percent since 2005 through the addition of renewable generation and with the retirement of aging coal-fired electric generating units.
In February 2022, the company ceased operations of Units 1 and 2 at Heskett Station near Mandan, North Dakota, and decommissioning was completed in December 2023. In May 2022, Montana-Dakota began construction of Heskett Unit 4, an 88-MW simple-cycle natural gas-fired combustion turbine peaking unit at the existing Heskett Station near Mandan, North Dakota. Heskett Unit 4 was in service and fully operational in July 2024.
The owners of Coyote Station, including Montana-Dakota, have a contract with Coyote Creek for coal supply to the Coyote Station that expires December 2040. Montana-Dakota estimates the Coyote Station coal supply agreement to be approximately 1.5 million tons per contract year.
The owners of Big Stone Station, including Montana-Dakota, have a coal supply agreement with Navajo Transitional Energy Company, LLC to meet all of the Big Stone Station's fuel requirements through 2026. Montana-Dakota estimates the Big Stone Station coal supply agreement to be approximately 1.5 million tons per contract year.
Montana-Dakota has a coal supply agreement with Wyodak Resources Development Corp., to supply the coal requirements of Wygen III at contracted pricing through June 1, 2060. Montana-Dakota estimates the maximum annual coal consumption of the facility to be approximately 585,000 tons.
Montana-Dakota has power purchase agreements that run through 2045, including agreements entered into during the retirement of the Lewis and Clark Station and Heskett Units 1 and 2 and through the construction of Heskett Unit 4.
Montana-Dakota expects that it has secured adequate capacity available through existing baseload generating stations, renewable generation, turbine peaking stations, demand reduction programs, and firm contracts to meet the peak customer demand requirements of its customers. Based upon current MISO resource adequacy rules, Montana-Dakota expects that it has secured adequate capacity available through existing baseload generation, peaking stations, demand reduction programs, and firm contracts to meet the peak customer demand. MISO's recently approved direct loss of load accreditation is showing the need for additional generating units by May of 2028. Future capacity needs are expected to be met by constructing new generation resources or acquiring additional capacity through power purchase contracts or the MISO capacity auction.
Montana-Dakota has major interconnections with its neighboring utilities and considers these interconnections adequate for coordinated planning, emergency assistance, exchange of capacity and energy, and power supply reliability.
Environmental Matters
Montana-Dakota's electric generating facilities have Title V Operating Permits, under the federal Clean Air Act, issued by the states in which they operate. Each of these permits has a five-year life. Near the expiration of these permits, renewal applications are submitted. Permits continue in force beyond the expiration date, provided the application for renewal is submitted by the required date, usually six months prior to expiration. The WYDEQ determined all units at the Neil Simpson Complex, where Wygen III is situated, are to be included within a combined Title V Operating Permit, which was submitted in June 2022. Wygen III is currently allowed to operate under the facility's construction permit until the Title V Operating Permit is issued. A permit issuance date is not specified at this time. The Title V Operating Permit renewal application for Big Stone Station was submitted timely in October 2021 to the South Dakota Department of Agriculture & Natural Resources, with the permit issuance date not specified at this time.
Montana-Dakota's electric operations are very small-quantity generators of hazardous waste and are subject only to minimum regulation under the RCRA and, when required, notify federal and state agencies of episodic generation events. Montana-Dakota routinely handles PCBs from its electric operations in accordance with federal requirements. PCB storage areas are registered with the EPA as required.
Natural Gas Distribution
The company's natural gas distribution segment is operated through its wholly-owned subsidiaries, consisting of operations from Montana-Dakota, Cascade, and Intermountain. These companies sell natural gas at retail, serving residential, commercial, and industrial customers in 339 communities and adjacent rural areas across eight states. They also provide natural gas transportation services to certain customers on the company's systems.
These services are provided through distribution and transmission systems aggregating approximately 21,800 miles and 540 miles, respectively. The natural gas distribution operations have obtained and hold, or are in the process of renewing, valid and existing franchises authorizing them to conduct their natural gas operations in all of the municipalities they serve where such franchises are required. These operations intend to seek renewal of all expiring franchises.
The natural gas distribution operations are subject to regulation by the IPUC, MNPUC, MTPSC, NDPSC, OPUC, SDPUC, WUTC, and WYPSC regarding retail rates, service, accounting, and certain securities issuances.
System Supply and System Demand
The natural gas distribution operations serve retail natural gas markets, consisting principally of residential and commercial space and water heating users, in portions of Idaho, Minnesota, Montana, North Dakota, Oregon, South Dakota, Washington, and Wyoming. These markets are seasonal, and sales volumes depend on the weather, the effects of which are mitigated in certain jurisdictions by weather normalization mechanisms. Additionally, the average customer consumption has tended to decline as more efficient appliances and furnaces are installed and as the company has implemented conservation programs. In addition to the residential and commercial sales, the utilities transport natural gas for commercial and industrial customers who purchase their own supply of natural gas.
The company's purchased natural gas is supplied by a portfolio of contracts specifying market-based pricing and is transported under transportation agreements with WBI Energy Transmission, Northern Border Pipeline Company, Northwest Pipeline LLC, South Dakota Intrastate Pipeline, Northern Natural Gas, Gas Transmission Northwest LLC, Northwestern Energy, Viking Gas Transmission Company, Enbridge Westcoast Energy, Inc., Ruby Pipeline LLC, Foothills Pipe Lines Ltd., NOVA Gas Transmission Ltd, TC Energy Corporation, Northwest Natural, Black Hills Energy, and TransCanada. The natural gas distribution operations have contracts for storage services to provide gas supply during the winter heating season and to meet peak day demand with various storage providers, including WBI Energy Transmission, Dominion Energy Questar Pipeline, LLC, Northwest Pipeline LLC, and Northern Natural Gas. In addition, certain of the operations have entered into natural gas supply management agreements with various parties. Demand for natural gas, which is a widely traded commodity, has historically been sensitive to seasonal heating and industrial load requirements, as well as changes in market price.
Regulatory Matters
In Oregon, Cascade has a decoupling mechanism in place approved by the OPUC until January 1, 2025, with a review that was to be completed by September 30, 2024. On December 23, 2024, a filing was made to extend the decoupling mechanism until January 1, 2030. Cascade also has an earnings-sharing mechanism with respect to its Oregon jurisdictional operations, as required by the OPUC.
In Idaho, Intermountain has the authority to facilitate access for RNG producers to the company's distribution system for the purpose of moving RNG to the producer's end-use customers.
Environmental Matters
The company's natural gas distribution operations are very small-quantity generators of hazardous waste, and are subject only to minimum regulation under the RCRA.
Pipeline
WBI Energy owns and operates WBI Energy Transmission, a FERC-regulated pipeline, which consists of over 3,800 miles of natural gas transmission and storage lines and comprised approximately 94 percent of the segment's revenue in 2024. WBI Energy also owns and operates a non-regulated energy-related service business, specializing in cathodic protection, which comprised the additional 6 percent of the segment's revenue.
WBI Energy Transmission's underground storage fields provide natural gas storage services to local distribution companies, industrial customers, natural gas marketers, and others, and serve to enhance system reliability. Its system is strategically located near four natural gas-producing basins, making natural gas supplies available to its transportation and storage customers. The system has 14 interconnecting points with other pipeline facilities allowing for the receipt and/or delivery of natural gas to and from other regions of the country and from Canada. Under the Natural Gas Act, as amended, WBI Energy Transmission is subject to the jurisdiction of the FERC regarding certificate, rate, service, and accounting matters. A majority of the pipeline business is transacted in the Rocky Mountain and northern Great Plains regions of the United States.
System Supply and System Demand
WBI Energy Transmission's underground natural gas storage facilities have a certificated storage capacity of approximately 350 Bcf, including 193 Bcf of working gas capacity, 83 Bcf of cushion gas, and 74 Bcf of native gas. These storage facilities enable customers to purchase natural gas throughout the year and meet winter peak requirements.
Although certain of WBI Energy Transmission's firm customers, including its firm customer Montana-Dakota, serve relatively secure residential, commercial, and industrial end-users, they generally all have some price-sensitive end-users that could switch to alternate fuels.
WBI Energy Transmission transports substantially all of Montana-Dakota's natural gas, primarily utilizing firm transportation agreements, which for 2024 represented 19 percent of WBI Energy Transmission's subscribed firm transportation contract demand. The majority of the firm transportation agreements with Montana-Dakota expire in June 2027. In addition, Montana-Dakota has a contract, expiring in July 2035, with WBI Energy Transmission to provide firm storage services to facilitate meeting Montana-Dakota's winter peak requirements.
WBI Energy had one third-party customer that accounted for approximately 16 percent of its 2024 revenue.
Environmental Matters
Detailed environmental assessments and/or environmental impact statements, as required by the National Environmental Policy Act, are included in the FERC's environmental review process for both the construction and abandonment of WBI Energy Transmission's natural gas transmission pipelines, compressor stations, and storage facilities.
History
MDU Resources Group, Inc. was founded in 1924. The company was incorporated under the state laws of Delaware in 1924.
